{"id":8669,"date":"2022-11-08T10:32:24","date_gmt":"2022-11-08T10:32:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/estimation-of-fictitious-defect-rectification-costs\/"},"modified":"2025-09-13T10:58:16","modified_gmt":"2025-09-13T10:58:16","slug":"estimation-of-fictitious-defect-rectification-costs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/estimation-of-fictitious-defect-rectification-costs\/","title":{"rendered":"Estimation of fictitious defect rectification costs"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"8669\" class=\"elementor elementor-8669 elementor-6454\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-18a49f68 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-items-stretch elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"18a49f68\" 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Company<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9627\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/appeal-german-judgment\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Appealing a German Judgment<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9628\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/enforce-foreign-court-judgments-in-germany\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Enforce Foreign Court Judgments in Germany<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-561ca511 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"561ca511\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5304cbbc\" data-id=\"5304cbbc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75ea95be elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"75ea95be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">LEGAL+ NEWS<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7391c5f7 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"7391c5f7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;zoomIn&quot;,&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-39e7375e\" data-id=\"39e7375e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1367ff88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1367ff88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">BGH ruling of March 11, 2022 - <a href=\"https:\/\/dejure.org\/dienste\/vernetzung\/rechtsprechung?Text=V%20ZR%2035\/21\" title=\"BGH, 11.03.2022 - V ZR 35\/21: Kaufvertraglicher Anspruch auf Schadensersatz statt der Leistung:...\">V ZR 35\/21<\/a>: Criteria for the judicial estimation of fictitious defect rectification costs<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d8966d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6d8966d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><strong>Problem definition<\/strong><\/h3><p>It has been clarified for some time by a landmark decision of the BGH that the contractual claim for damages instead of performance in accordance with Sections 437 No. 3, 280, 281 BGB can be assessed on the basis of the &#8220;fictitious&#8221; costs of remedying defects that are likely to be necessary but have not yet been incurred, see BGH ruling of 12.03.2021, Ref. <a href=\"https:\/\/dejure.org\/dienste\/vernetzung\/rechtsprechung?Text=V%20ZR%2033\/19\" title=\"V ZR 33\/19 (2 zugeordnete Entscheidungen)\">V ZR 33\/19<\/a>. <\/p><p>In practice, it is of particular relevance how the court called upon to decide in an individual case is to determine the amount of such fictitious damage costs. The starting point for this is Section 287 (1) ZPO, which reads as follows:  <\/p><p><em>&#8220;If there is a dispute between the parties as to whether damage has occurred and how much the damage or an interest to be compensated amounts to, the court shall decide on this <strong>in its own discretion, taking into account all the circumstances<\/strong>. <strong>Whether and to what extent a requested taking of evidence or ex officio expert appraisal is to be ordered is left to the discretion of the court<\/strong>. (&#8230;)&#8221; <\/em><\/p><p>It has not yet been clarified according to which principles the court must apply the aforementioned Section 287 (1) ZPO in the specific case. <\/p><p>In a more recent decision from March 11, 2022 (case no. <a href=\"https:\/\/dejure.org\/dienste\/vernetzung\/rechtsprechung?Text=V%20ZR%2035\/21\" title=\"BGH, 11.03.2022 - V ZR 35\/21: Kaufvertraglicher Anspruch auf Schadensersatz statt der Leistung:...\">V ZR 35\/21<\/a>), the BGH provided the courts of lower instances with valuable criteria.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-553e50dd\" data-id=\"553e50dd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52e61da7 elementor-absolute elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"52e61da7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_position&quot;:&quot;absolute&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1030\" height=\"686\" src=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/construction-worker-with-construction-level-working-on-a-sidewalk-1030x686.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8827\" alt=\"Construction worker with construction level working on a sidewalk\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/construction-worker-with-construction-level-working-on-a-sidewalk-1030x686.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/construction-worker-with-construction-level-working-on-a-sidewalk-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/construction-worker-with-construction-level-working-on-a-sidewalk-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/construction-worker-with-construction-level-working-on-a-sidewalk-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/construction-worker-with-construction-level-working-on-a-sidewalk-1500x1000.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/construction-worker-with-construction-level-working-on-a-sidewalk-705x470.jpg 705w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/construction-worker-with-construction-level-working-on-a-sidewalk.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1030px) 100vw, 1030px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-62ff6861 elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"62ff6861\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;zoomIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-68897703 elementor-hidden-phone\" data-id=\"68897703\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-51926337\" data-id=\"51926337\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-610b2558 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"610b2558\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><strong>The judgment<\/strong><\/h3><p>Its decision of March 11, 2022 (case no. V ZR 35\/2) was based on the following abridged facts:<\/p><p>The subject of the dispute was the purchase contract for a property. The sellers had concealed from the buyers that the external waterproofing of the cellar was incomplete and accordingly demanded compensation in the form of fictitious defect rectification costs. <\/p><p>The court of first instance had sentenced the defendants in the amount of fictitious defect rectification costs of EUR 144,800. The Court of Appeal reduced this amount to EUR 97,556 and allowed the appeal with regard to the amount of the claim. <\/p><p>The estimate made by the court of first instance and the court of appeal was based on an expert opinion, according to which two options for remedying the defects could be considered. According to the less expensive option A, the incompleteness of the waterproofing could not be completely eliminated, according to the more expensive option B with costs of EUR 138,920, waterproofing would be completely possible. The Court of Appeal assumed that the plaintiffs did not have to be satisfied with variant A, however, the estimation inaccuracy of +\/- 30% mentioned by the expert was to be taken into account to their detriment, as the plaintiffs could only be awarded what<em>would<\/em>&#8220;<em>certainly be incurred<\/em>&#8221; in terms of defect rectification costs. Uncertainties in determining the costs of remedying defects should not be borne by the tortfeasor.   <\/p><p>In its decision, the BGH initially confirmed the Court of Appeal&#8217;s assumption that the claimants did not have to settle for the cheapest option. The same applies to the rejected &#8220;new for old&#8221; deduction. <\/p><p>Otherwise, however, it rejected the Court of Appeal&#8217;s assumptions for determining the specific amount of damages as legally untenable. The BGH stated: <\/p><p><em>&#8220;As a starting point, the Court of Appeal correctly assumes that the contractual claim for damages instead of performance (minor damages) pursuant to Sections 437 No. 3, 280, 281 BGB can be assessed on the basis of the &#8220;fictitious&#8221; costs of remedying defects that are likely to be necessary but have not yet been incurred.<\/em><\/p><p><em>However, according to the reasoning of the Court of Appeal, the costs for the necessary renovation work determined by the expert cannot be reduced by 30% when assessing the amount of the claim for damages.<\/em><\/p><p><em>The court must determine the amount required to rectify the defect in accordance with Section 287 (1) ZPO, taking into account all the circumstances in its own discretion.   <\/em><\/p><p><em>(&#8230;)<\/em><\/p><p><em>The Court of Appeal <strong>overstretches the measure of necessary conviction<\/strong> within the framework of Section 287 (1) ZPO and thus disregards legal principles of damage assessment. <\/em><\/p><p><em>If the asserted claim for damages is established on the merits and only the amount needs to be filled in, the injured party benefits from the <strong>facilitation of evidence under Section 287 ZPO<\/strong>.  <strong>In contrast to the strict requirements of Section 286 (1) ZPO, when deciding on the amount of damages, a considerable probability based on a sound foundation is sufficient for the court to form its opinion; the estimate should be as close as possible to reality. <\/strong><\/em><\/p><p><em>The court of appeal misjudged this. It believes that only the amount that is certain to be incurred within the scope of the estimate to be made for the rectification of defects may be awarded, so that in the case of a range of estimates, only the lower amount can regularly be awarded as damages. It thus wrongly demands absolute certainty for the assessment of damages to be carried out by it, which is not even required within the framework of <a href=\"https:\/\/dejure.org\/gesetze\/ZPO\/286.html\" title=\"&sect; 286 ZPO: Freie Beweisw&uuml;rdigung\">\u00a7 286 ZPO<\/a>. It is true that even in the case of an estimate pursuant to Section 287 ZPO, doubts about the amount of the costs required to remedy the defect may not, in principle, be borne by the tortfeasor (see BGH, Urt. v. 10.04.2003 &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/dejure.org\/dienste\/vernetzung\/rechtsprechung?Text=VII%20ZR%20251\/02\" title=\"BGH, 10.04.2003 - VII ZR 251\/02: Umfang der M&auml;ngelbeseitigungskosten; Hotelunterbringung\">VII ZR 251\/02<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/dejure.org\/dienste\/vernetzung\/rechtsprechung?Text=NJW-RR%202003,%20878\" title=\"BGH, 10.04.2003 - VII ZR 251\/02: Umfang der M&auml;ngelbeseitigungskosten; Hotelunterbringung\">NJW-RR 2003, 878<\/a>, 879; OLG Celle, Urt. v. 17.01.2013 &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/dejure.org\/dienste\/vernetzung\/rechtsprechung?Text=16%20U%2094\/11\" title=\"OLG Celle, 17.01.2013 - 16 U 94\/11: Anspruch gegen einen Architekten auf Vorschusskosten sowie ...\">16 U 94\/11<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/dejure.org\/dienste\/vernetzung\/rechtsprechung?Text=BauR%202014,%20134\" title=\"OLG Celle, 17.01.2013 - 16 U 94\/11: Anspruch gegen einen Architekten auf Vorschusskosten sowie ...\">BauR 2014, 134<\/a>, 139). <strong>However, it is in the nature of things that when calculating the fictitious restoration costs required to remedy the damage, a (certain) uncertainty remains as to whether the amount objectively required for the repair (to be assessed ex ante) corresponds to the amount that would have been or would be incurred if the repair had actually been carried out<\/strong>. If the contractual claim for damages in lieu of performance (small damages) pursuant to Sections 437 No. 3, 280, 281 BGB is assessed on the basis of the presumably necessary but not (yet) incurred (&#8220;fictitious&#8221;) costs of remedying the defect, the court must therefore determine the damage in accordance with the principles of Section 287 (1) ZPO and in this respect        <strong>to examine the extent to which damage is predominantly probable. This also and especially applies if a range of estimates is stated in an expert report. <\/strong>  (&#8230;)&#8221;  <\/em><\/p><p>As a consequence of the aforementioned deficiencies, the BGH referred the case back to the Court of Appeal for reconsideration and decision<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7dd539a1 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7dd539a1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-47fb201d\" data-id=\"47fb201d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-997184e elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"997184e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e2e8f0e elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"e2e8f0e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;zoomIn&quot;,&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-067610c\" data-id=\"067610c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a5b1be elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0a5b1be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/h3><p>With this decision, the BGH first confirmed that Section 287 ZPO is decisive for determining the fictitious amount of damages. For the formation of a judicial conviction, a <\/p><p><strong><em>&#8220;considerable probability based on a sound foundation.&#8221;<\/em><\/strong><\/p><p>Any remaining uncertainty lies in the nature of the simplified assessment of damages pursuant to Section 287 ZPO. It follows for the courts of lower instances that it is not permissible to assume the minimum amount specified by the expert as the damage. The court must correctly approach the most probable amount required to remedy the defect. For claimants, this means that it may be advisable to consult their own expert to help determine the &#8220;probable costs&#8221;.   <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1384cb2\" data-id=\"1384cb2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ebf3a elementor-absolute elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"37ebf3a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_position&quot;:&quot;absolute&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1030\" 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status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-nicht-kategorisiert\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__card\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/up-to-e10000-before-the-local-court-why-it-goes-wrong\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" ><div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1030\" height=\"685\" src=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/wooden-judges-gavel-on-table-in-a-courtroom-or-enforcement-office--1030x685.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8573\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/wooden-judges-gavel-on-table-in-a-courtroom-or-enforcement-office--1030x685.png 1030w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/wooden-judges-gavel-on-table-in-a-courtroom-or-enforcement-office--300x200.png 300w, 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href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/up-to-e10000-before-the-local-court-why-it-goes-wrong\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tUp to \u20ac10,000 before the local court: why it goes wrong\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Up to \u20ac10,000 in the local court &#8211; a mistake with an announcement. The planned reform of the amount in dispute will shift masses of proceedings from the regional courts to the local courts. Sounds like a relief &#8211; but will have the opposite effect.  <\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/up-to-e10000-before-the-local-court-why-it-goes-wrong\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Up to \u20ac10,000 before the local court: why it goes wrong\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead more \"\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\tSeptember 10, 2025\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-8559 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-contract-law\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__card\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/contract-law-stuttgart-21-and-the-speech-clause-a-lesson-in-clear-contract-drafting\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" ><div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1030\" height=\"687\" src=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/social_sprechklausel_legalplus_teaser-1-1030x687.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8566\" alt=\"Vertragsrecht Stuttgart 21 \u2013 Sprechklausel Urteil\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/social_sprechklausel_legalplus_teaser-1-1030x687.png 1030w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/social_sprechklausel_legalplus_teaser-1-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/social_sprechklausel_legalplus_teaser-1-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/social_sprechklausel_legalplus_teaser-1-705x470.png 705w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/social_sprechklausel_legalplus_teaser-1.png 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1030px) 100vw, 1030px\" \/><\/div><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__badge\">Contract Law<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/contract-law-stuttgart-21-and-the-speech-clause-a-lesson-in-clear-contract-drafting\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tContract law: Stuttgart 21 and the speech clause &#8211; a lesson in clear contract drafting\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Sometimes a single sentence decides billions. This is exactly what happened with the Stuttgart 21 project. At the center of the legal dispute was a short contractual provision &#8211; the so-called &#8220;speech clause&#8221;.    <\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/contract-law-stuttgart-21-and-the-speech-clause-a-lesson-in-clear-contract-drafting\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Contract law: Stuttgart 21 and the speech clause &#8211; a lesson in clear contract drafting\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead more \"\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\tAugust 8, 2025\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-8577 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-commercial-law category-contract-law category-international-procedural-law category-nicht-kategorisiert\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__card\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/breach-of-an-international-jurisdiction-agreement-can-result-in-liability-for-damages-on-the-ruling-of-the-bgh-from-17-10-2019-ref-iii-zr-42-19\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" ><div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1030\" height=\"579\" src=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/judge-s-gavel-symbol-for-jurisdiction-law-concept-a-wooden-judges-gavel-on-table-in-a-courtroom-1030x579.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8578\" alt=\"Judge&#039;s gavel. Symbol for jurisdiction. Law concept a wooden judges gavel on table in a courtroom\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/judge-s-gavel-symbol-for-jurisdiction-law-concept-a-wooden-judges-gavel-on-table-in-a-courtroom-1030x579.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/judge-s-gavel-symbol-for-jurisdiction-law-concept-a-wooden-judges-gavel-on-table-in-a-courtroom-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/judge-s-gavel-symbol-for-jurisdiction-law-concept-a-wooden-judges-gavel-on-table-in-a-courtroom-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/judge-s-gavel-symbol-for-jurisdiction-law-concept-a-wooden-judges-gavel-on-table-in-a-courtroom-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/judge-s-gavel-symbol-for-jurisdiction-law-concept-a-wooden-judges-gavel-on-table-in-a-courtroom-1500x844.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/judge-s-gavel-symbol-for-jurisdiction-law-concept-a-wooden-judges-gavel-on-table-in-a-courtroom-705x397.jpg 705w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/judge-s-gavel-symbol-for-jurisdiction-law-concept-a-wooden-judges-gavel-on-table-in-a-courtroom.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1030px) 100vw, 1030px\" \/><\/div><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__badge\">Commercial law<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/breach-of-an-international-jurisdiction-agreement-can-result-in-liability-for-damages-on-the-ruling-of-the-bgh-from-17-10-2019-ref-iii-zr-42-19\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tBreach of an international jurisdiction agreement can result in liability for damages! &#8211; On the ruling of the BGH from 17.10.2019 (Ref. III ZR 42\/19)\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>International agreements on jurisdiction, especially if they are to have exclusive validity, generally have the purpose of protecting the party benefiting from the agreement from the often very considerable costs of a legal dispute in a foreign country.<\/p>\n<p>Unfortunately, however, it is not uncommon for the other contracting party to suddenly no longer want to know about the jurisdiction agreement in the event of a dispute. The background to such a dishonest approach is &#8211; obviously &#8211; not least the potential for blackmail associated with such an approach. This is because the party that finds itself &#8211; in breach of the jurisdiction agreement &#8211; exposed to a foreign lawsuit is regularly forced to take action abroad through lawyers in order to avoid legal disadvantages. This in turn is often very expensive, with the USA being the most prominent example.     <\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/breach-of-an-international-jurisdiction-agreement-can-result-in-liability-for-damages-on-the-ruling-of-the-bgh-from-17-10-2019-ref-iii-zr-42-19\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Breach of an international jurisdiction agreement can result in liability for damages! &#8211; On the ruling of the BGH from 17.10.2019 (Ref. III ZR 42\/19)\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead more \"\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\tSeptember 4, 2024\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-load-more-anchor\" data-page=\"1\" data-max-page=\"26\" data-next-page=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/2\/\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"elementor-pagination\" aria-label=\"Pagination\">\n\t\t\t<span aria-current=\"page\" class=\"page-numbers current\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>1<\/span>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/2\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>2<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/3\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>3<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/4\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>4<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/5\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>5<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/6\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>6<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/7\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>7<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/8\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>8<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/9\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>9<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/10\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>10<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/11\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>11<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/12\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>12<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/13\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>13<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/14\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>14<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/15\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>15<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/16\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>16<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/17\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>17<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/18\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>18<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/19\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>19<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/20\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>20<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/21\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>21<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/22\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>22<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/23\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>23<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/24\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>24<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/25\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>25<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8669\/page\/26\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>26<\/a>\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-539c2019 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"539c2019\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4672018f\" data-id=\"4672018f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7281f438 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"7281f438\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-73c5f1e7 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"73c5f1e7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-325e31a\" data-id=\"325e31a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e4b3544 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"7e4b3544\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"Contactus\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78f577bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"78f577bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">CONTACT<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-4b8496cb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4b8496cb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4dc99ccd\" data-id=\"4dc99ccd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-169047fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"169047fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1030\" height=\"1030\" src=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Ihr-Kontakt-zum-Hamburger-Anwalt-f\u00fcr-Vertragsrecht-2-1030x1030.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8410\" alt=\"LEGAL+\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Ihr-Kontakt-zum-Hamburger-Anwalt-f\u00fcr-Vertragsrecht-2-1030x1030.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Ihr-Kontakt-zum-Hamburger-Anwalt-f\u00fcr-Vertragsrecht-2-80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Ihr-Kontakt-zum-Hamburger-Anwalt-f\u00fcr-Vertragsrecht-2-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Ihr-Kontakt-zum-Hamburger-Anwalt-f\u00fcr-Vertragsrecht-2-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Ihr-Kontakt-zum-Hamburger-Anwalt-f\u00fcr-Vertragsrecht-2-36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Ihr-Kontakt-zum-Hamburger-Anwalt-f\u00fcr-Vertragsrecht-2-180x180.jpg 180w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Ihr-Kontakt-zum-Hamburger-Anwalt-f\u00fcr-Vertragsrecht-2-705x705.jpg 705w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Ihr-Kontakt-zum-Hamburger-Anwalt-f\u00fcr-Vertragsrecht-2-120x120.jpg 120w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Ihr-Kontakt-zum-Hamburger-Anwalt-f\u00fcr-Vertragsrecht-2-450x450.jpg 450w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Ihr-Kontakt-zum-Hamburger-Anwalt-f\u00fcr-Vertragsrecht-2.jpg 1151w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1030px) 100vw, 1030px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2caf9f68\" data-id=\"2caf9f68\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7274effe elementor-view-default elementor-position-block-start elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"7274effe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-home\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t+49 (40)  57199 74 80\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-11615799\" data-id=\"11615799\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56686995 elementor-view-default elementor-position-block-start elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"56686995\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-mobile-alt\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t+49 (170) 1203  74 0\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-32831756\" data-id=\"32831756\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e91217a elementor-view-default elementor-position-block-start elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"3e91217a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-phone\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNeuer Wall 61 D-20354 Hamburg\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5ce89468\" data-id=\"5ce89468\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-325e5349 elementor-view-default elementor-position-block-start elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"325e5349\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-envelope\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tkontakt@legal-plus.eu\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5873f7d6 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5873f7d6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-30ed35a7\" data-id=\"30ed35a7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a5ea91 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"9a5ea91\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-280d01a1 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"280d01a1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-91bdab8\" data-id=\"91bdab8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f2eb0ad elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5f2eb0ad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Benefit from my active network!<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf5bdcf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cf5bdcf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\">I look forward to our networking.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-51d9da44 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"51d9da44\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-12d12d64\" data-id=\"12d12d64\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64fc3973 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"64fc3973\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"https:\/\/www.xing.com\/profile\/Daniel_MeierGreve\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-xing\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-35e02f4a\" data-id=\"35e02f4a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5983a14f elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"5983a14f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/daniel-meier-greve-32326380\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-linkedin\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-612d609a elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"612d609a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-163c7b44\" data-id=\"163c7b44\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30a54b3e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"30a54b3e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Copyright  2026  \u00a9 All rights reserved.<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7b46b78a elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-items-stretch elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7b46b78a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3fb2338e\" data-id=\"3fb2338e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-658f9d03 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"658f9d03\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-232439be\" data-id=\"232439be\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f8a4bed elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f8a4bed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/impressum\/\">Imprint<\/a><\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4fddfa4f\" data-id=\"4fddfa4f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-1ab48520 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1ab48520\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4d55f423\" data-id=\"4d55f423\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-400f4007 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"400f4007\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/datenschutzerklaerung\/\">Data protection<\/a><\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-53293bf9\" data-id=\"53293bf9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-61b34711 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"61b34711\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-45eda80c\" data-id=\"45eda80c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d1ea20d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2d1ea20d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"80\" height=\"80\" src=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cropped-LegalPlus-icon-80x80.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-image-8406\" alt=\"LEGAL+\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cropped-LegalPlus-icon-80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cropped-LegalPlus-icon-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cropped-LegalPlus-icon-36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cropped-LegalPlus-icon-180x180.jpg 180w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cropped-LegalPlus-icon-120x120.jpg 120w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cropped-LegalPlus-icon-450x450.jpg 450w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cropped-LegalPlus-icon-270x270.jpg 270w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cropped-LegalPlus-icon-192x192.jpg 192w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cropped-LegalPlus-icon-32x32.jpg 32w, https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cropped-LegalPlus-icon.jpg 512w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 80px) 100vw, 80px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For some time now, a landmark decision by the Federal Court of Justice has clarified that the contractual claim for damages in lieu of performance pursuant to Sections 437 No. 3, 280, 281 BGB can be assessed on the basis of the &#8220;fictitious&#8221; defect rectification costs that are likely to be necessary but have not yet been incurred, see BGH ruling of 12.03.2021, Ref. V ZR 33\/19. In practice, it is of particular relevance how the court called upon to decide in an individual case is to determine the amount of such fictitious damage costs.    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8670,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[127,36],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8669","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-commercial-law","category-nicht-kategorisiert"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Estimation of fictitious defect rectification costs - Prozesskanzlei | LEGAL+<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The claim for damages can be assessed on the basis of the necessary, notional costs of remedying the defect that have not yet been incurred.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/estimation-of-fictitious-defect-rectification-costs\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Estimation of fictitious defect rectification costs\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The claim for damages can be assessed on the basis of the necessary, notional costs of remedying the defect that have not yet been incurred.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/en\/estimation-of-fictitious-defect-rectification-costs\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Prozesskanzlei | LEGAL+\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-11-08T10:32:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-09-13T10:58:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.legal-plus.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/timber-frame-house-real-estate.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1333\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Daniel Meier-Greve\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Daniel Meier-Greve\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legal-plus.eu\\\/en\\\/estimation-of-fictitious-defect-rectification-costs\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legal-plus.eu\\\/en\\\/estimation-of-fictitious-defect-rectification-costs\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Daniel Meier-Greve\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legal-plus.eu\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/bf731d0e7ce90444c80837b9f441b83e\"},\"headline\":\"Estimation of fictitious defect rectification costs\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-11-08T10:32:24+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-09-13T10:58:16+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legal-plus.eu\\\/en\\\/estimation-of-fictitious-defect-rectification-costs\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1183,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legal-plus.eu\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legal-plus.eu\\\/en\\\/estimation-of-fictitious-defect-rectification-costs\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legal-plus.eu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/11\\\/timber-frame-house-real-estate.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Commercial law\",\"Nicht kategorisiert\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legal-plus.eu\\\/en\\\/estimation-of-fictitious-defect-rectification-costs\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legal-plus.eu\\\/en\\\/estimation-of-fictitious-defect-rectification-costs\\\/\",\"name\":\"Estimation of fictitious defect rectification costs - 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